![]() ![]() A loss of reflective self-consciousness.Intense and focused concentration on the present moment. ![]() Jeanne Nakamura and Csíkszentmihályi identify the following six factors as encompassing an experience of flow: The cognitive science of flow has been studied under the rubric of effortless attention. They also began studying the theory of flow at this time. Researchers interested in optimal experiences and emphasizing positive experiences, especially in places such as schools and the business world. Flow research became prevalent in the 1980s and 1990s, with Csikszentmihályi and his colleagues in Italy still at the forefront. The theory of flow came about when Csikszentmihályi tried to understand the phenomenon experienced by these artists. Artists, especially painters, got so immersed in their work that they would disregard their need for food, water and even sleep. Mihaly Csikszentmihályi and others began researching flow after Csikszentmihályi became fascinated by artists who would essentially get lost in their work. Etymology įlow is so named because, during Csíkszentmihályi's 1975 interviews, several people described their "flow" experiences using the metaphor of a water current carrying them along: "'It was like floating,' 'I was carried on by the flow. One is most likely to experience flow at moderate levels of psychological arousal, as one is unlikely to be overwhelmed, but not understimulated to the point of boredom. The individuality of the concept of flow suggests that each person has their subjective area of flow, where they would function best given the situation. Hyperfocus is often mentioned "in the context of autism, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder – conditions that have consequences on attentional abilities." įlow is an individual experience and the idea behind flow originated from the sports-psychology theory about an Individual Zone of Optimal Functioning. In some cases, hyperfocus can "capture" a person, perhaps causing them to appear unfocused or to start several projects, but complete few. Some examples include spending "too much" time playing video games or becoming pleasurably absorbed by one aspect of an assignment or task to the detriment of the overall assignment. ![]() However, hyperfocus is not always described in a positive light. The flow state shares many characteristics with hyperfocus. Named by the psychologist Mihály Csíkszentmihályi in 1970, the concept has been widely referred to across a variety of fields (and is particularly well recognized in occupational therapy). ![]() Flow is used as a coping skill for stress and anxiety when productively pursuing a form of leisure that matches one's skill set. It requires a high level of concentration. Flow is the melting together of action and consciousness the state of finding a balance between a skill and how challenging that task is. In essence, flow is characterized by the complete absorption in what one does, and a resulting transformation in one's sense of time. In positive psychology, a flow state, also known colloquially as being in the zone, is the mental state in which a person performing some activity is fully immersed in a feeling of energized focus, full involvement, and enjoyment in the process of the activity. Concentrating on a task, one aspect of flow ![]()
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